Lavatory.



w. E. HINSDALE.

LAVATORY. APPLICATION man NOV- 9. 1917.

Patented Apr. 15,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

h Q Q W. E. HINSDALE. LAVATORY.

APPLICATION FILED NOV- 9r I917- 1 ,300,268, Patented Apr. 15, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- i x -W-M;@

AIM

. l MM flamers is, the basin, slab, overflow, mlxing cham the complete desi faucetand pipe connections being WINFIELD E.-HINSDAI)E, 01F TRENTON, NEW JERSEY.

LAVATORY.

Specification 01' Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 15, 1919.

. Application filed November 9, 1917. Serial No. 201,152.

To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, WINFIELD E. Hms- DALE, a citizen of the United States, residin at Trenton, in the county of Mercer an State of New Jersey, have invented a-certain new and useful Improvement in Lavatories, of which the following is a specification;

his invention relates to lavatories made of clay, and in trade known as china, vitreous china, etc., and has for its object the improving of the construction of the lavatory in its supply and overflow detail, as to appearance, as to a more certain result in manufacture, a more sanitary device in use, and one that shall be more nearly free of danger from damage in use by reason of unequal expansion than those now on the market. I

Lavatories constructed in accordance with my invention are of theone-piece type; that her, nozzle inlet to the basinan'd supply in the finished product: are integral, and the approved forms semiconcealed overflo v The'essence of myiiivention resides inmy improved form offni ixiiig chamber, the form and prismat c supply nlets and the means 'ifdf' l-eansing f the action of the user.

proved pendent-o The improved lavatory basin forming the basis of the present invention is illustrated drawings, wherein:

in the Y annexed vertical 'Figure 1 is a chamber and' its outlet to the through the overflow;

Fig. 2 a similar of the basin on the Fig. 3 a horizontal sectional view onthe illustrating more particularly the hot and cold water in lets, upper portion of the overflow, and the jet orifices leading thereto;

Fig. 4 a top plan view illustrative of the position of the overflow, mixing chamber and outlet from said chamber to the basin;

Fig. 5' a vertical sectional view, taken on the line V--V of Fig. 4, showing the mixing or supply chamber,

its inlets and discharge of hooded nozzle inlet and are incorporated in.

v 1 supply ormixing chamber.

the v overflow i nde- I sectional view frontto; back taken through the mixing basinand also.

view of the rear portion line II*II of Fig, 4, the omitted; ,i

ply chamber; and

6 a rear elevation, showing one of the controllin valves in place.

Llke arts in al the views are designated by simi ar numerals.

The body or basin proper is designated by 1, and is provided with the usual outlet 2. 3 designates the overflow opening extending into an overflow passage or channel 4, the lower laterally-extending end of which terminates in the outlet 2.

Extending up alongside of the upper part of the channel 4 and over the top thereof is the water inlet and mixing chamber 5, which terminates in the forwardly-extending discharge orifice 6. Thewalls of said chamber are integral with those of the likewise integral with the superimposed covering slab or top 7.

Jet openings 8 extend from inlet chamber 5. into the overflow channel near the upper end thereof, preferably standin in line with tapered openings 9 formed in the outer walls of the Water passing through such openings washes down the walls of the overflow channel, and this with out any attention on the part of the user of the lavatory. Expansible couplings 10 are F supgt fitted in the openings 9, and a valve 11 is a pipe-section ow and in line the slab 7, and

and its jet overflow andv said openings the mixing or byqprolonging the upwardly-extending I threaded portion'of the valve I am enable by the lock nuts .14 and 15 to properly secure and this without any the parts. A may be placed the valve in place, strain being exerted upon china cap or escutoheon 16 over the upperpart of the valve, said cap being held in position by a tubular nut 17, screwed down on the top thereof. This arrangement does. away with the necessity of making a water-tight joint at the slab, and

also takes care of any inequalities in the slab structure, as well as permitting the ready assemblage of the parts without undue expenditure of labor.

The slab 7 will also. preferably be p rovided with an opening 18, through which tached, either by superimposing a shaped body of china on' top of the lavatory or, in reverse, molding extra china below the slab, producing extra thick walls of china at the point where the passages are placed. Such construction causes unequal drying in the process of manufacture and consequently cracks in the ware and a high loss of lavatories in the fire. Water passages have been made with their end coincident with the suppl -holes through the slab and with a,

secon ary passage intermediate the ends leading to the basin. This method of manufacture necessitated great care in' putting the'parts together to prevent unequal drying between the first part of the slab molded and the applied walls forming the passages, and brought about a loss either before or after the lavatory had been fired.

It is, of course, to be understood that while the completed fixture, as to the chinaware, was an integral unit, the fixture was made up from a plurality of pieces that were processed together, and uniformity of thickness of walls and similar temper of pieces were necessary to insure success in drying and later'in vitrifying. Moreover, though the'completed lavatory made in the manner just specified may have come from the fire in perfect condition, it was subjected to unusual strain in use because of the fact that, first, the heavy walls of china surrounding the passages and, second, the length of the passages, presented large parts of chinato' undue expansion and contraction when in use by reason of the sudden heating of the ware on the hot-water side, while on the cold-water side the parts were subjected to contraction during the greater part of the year, which resulted in cracking the lavatory through the walls of the back of the basin and the water inlet. While this cracking did not always destroy the fixture to such an extent that it was useless, it never-- theless detracted from its value as a fixture and marr'ed its beauty of appearance.

With my improved mixing chamber it will be noted upon reference to the drawings that the chamber formed around and over the top of the overflow is defined or formed bfi' Walls which are of substantially uniform t ickness, and that the distance from one o ening 9 to the opposite opening 9 is of t e minimum, and only suflicient to clear the overflow walls. It is also to be noted, particularly upon reference to Fig. 1, that the opening or outlet to the basin'from the mixing chamber is quite short. Under this construction, therefore, all the faults of unequal drying, and consequent loss in manufacture, are as nearly eliminated as would seem possible, while the small portion of the lavatory subjected to hot-Water strain, with the comparatively thin walls which are of uniform thickness, opposed to the direct action of hot water, reduces the chance of inj my in use to the vanishing-point.

Moreover, in producing the mixing chamber in the novel manner as above set forth I have also made it possible to attach fittings for supply to the lavatory through the slab or top, and t0 the openings 9, 9 in straight lines and with a minimum of parts, presenting to the eye no portion of the under fittings, as is common in the usual form of lavatory, and thus reducing the cost of installation, while still retaining adjustability, in that the couplings on the pipe sections 12 allow for a right and left hand adjustment of the valves within any range which the variation in china may demand, and the approved form of valve or faucet used will provide for vertical adjustment to any extent re uired in that direction.

As a ove noted, no water-joint is needed at the connection of the faucet to the slab, making it necessary only, to tighten the faucet to the slab.to such an extent as to insure permanency of position.

'While no Water entering into the overflow can in any way again come in contact with the user of the basin, still the overflow passage presents an uncleanable surface in nearly all lavatories, and while some lavatories are made with extra large openings for the admission of cleaning cloths, brushes and the like, the majority provide no means (other than such openingslfor cleaning the interior walls of such overflow passages; consequently, the passages become foul and more or less of an annoyance. This is overcome in the present construction by providing the jet orifices or openings 8, w iich extend from the mixing chamber and act whenever one or both of the faucets is turned on to introduce a jet of water into the overflow passage, thus providing for the cleaning of the overflow by, keeping the walls Washed down at all times and preventing accumulation of deposit. The act of washing the overflow is, of course, in part a function of the supply water and not under direct control of the user and not dependent in any sense upon the user.

I am aware that the prior art discloses water passages through chinaware of lavatories, but believe it broadly new with me to produce a mixing chamber integral with the overflow walls and surrounding the same, and at the same time integral with the superimposed slab of the lavatory, and

flow and opening into the in which all the walls are of a substantially uniform thickness. i

I also believe it to be new with me to provide a chamber which may be fed at its sides in direct line with the supply valve, and the claims are to be cally except where they are drawn to a specific construction.

It is evident that by minor modifications of the' construction herein set forth the mixing chamber may be supplied from the rear iii-conditions obtain that make this connection advisable. Such construction is not shown for the reason that it is clearly evident how it could be carried out from the showing above made. v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

.1. In a one-piece lavatory, the combination of a basin; a slab; an overflow; independent inlets ranged on opposite sides of the upper portion of the overflow; and a mixing chamber above the overflow into which the inlets discharge, said chamber in turn discharging into the basin, the side walls of the overflow forming the inner, walls of the inlets, the upper wall of the overflow forming the bottom wall of the mixing chamber,, and the slab, adjacent the mixing chamber forming the upper wall of said chamber, all of the walls being of substantially uniform thickness.

2. In a one-piece chinalavatory, the combination of a basin; a slab; and an extension formed at the rear of the basin below the slab, said extension having formed therein an overflow opening which at its upper end opens through the rear wall of the asin; and a water passage likewise formed in said extension, said water passage extending over the upper portion of the overbasin, and likewise extending downwardly along the upper portion of the sides of the overflow, and being provided with laterally-extending openings affording connections for supply pipes,

the walls of the various passages being of substantially the same thickness throughout. 3 In a one-piece china lavatory, the combination of a basin; and an extension formed at the rear of the basin, said extension containing an overflow passage opening at its upper end through the wall of the basin and terminating at the lower end in the basin waste, and an inlet chamber for the water extending over the upper portion of the overflow and opening into the basin above said overflow, the inner wall of said water chamber forming the upper wall of the overflow passage, and said water cham-- her being provided with downwardly extending passages, the inner walls whereof are common with the side walls of the overflow passage, said passages each having a lateral construed generior hot and cold Water aropening for connection of the supply fittings thereto, the walls of the various parts being of substantially the same thickness throu bout.

4. n a one-piece china lavatory, the combination of a slab; of

extending from the upper part into the basin and above the overflow opening; a laterally extending opening being formed ineach of the lower ends of said mixing chamber for the connection of supply pipes thereto, the walls of the various passages and the chamber being formed of substantially uniform thickness.

5. In a onepiece china lavatory, the

y mixing chamber overlying and embracing the upper upper side portions of the overflow passage, and integrally formed with same and the overlying slab, and likewise opening into the basin above the overflow opening, the slab and the walls surrounding said passage and chamber being formedof substantially uniform thickness, together with water supply connecting means, as and for the purpose set forth.

In a one-piece china bination of a slab; a basin with an extension formed upon the outer rear wall thereof below and extending downwardly from the slab, a vert'cally dis osed opening through the slab on either sid e of the extension, an overflow passage formed within the extension and a mixing chamber between the slab and the extension formed integrally with the slab and the extension and embracing the top and upper side portions of the extension, all walls surrounding the various passages being of substantially uniform thickness; a lateral opening on either lower end of the mixing chamber in alinement with the vertical openings through the slab; a supply pipe connected to and extending laterally from each opening, and a valve connected to each pipe and lying, respectively, below the aforesaid openlngs in the slab, the heads of the valves extending upwardly through said openings.

7. A basin having a projection formed integrally therewith, said projection having an overflnw noemn 1. J l

the upperportion of the basin and a water supply passage likewise formed in said projection, with portions of the walls of sand passages in common, said portions having Water jet openings extendin therethroug and serving, when water is rawn through the supply passage, to project jets against the upper inner surface of said overflow passage.

8. .In a one-piece china lavatory, the combination of a basin and a'profjection formed upon the outer face thereo said projection having formed therein an overflow pas- 

